The shape these electrodes take depends on the type of electrostatic precipitator used, but they can be metal wires, bars, or plates inside a pipe or the smokestack itself. It is used to filter dust particle in the flue gas in thermal power plant. Types of electrostatic precipitators tubularprecipitatorsaregenerallyusedfor collecting mists or fogs, and are most commonlyusedwhencollectingparticlesthat are wet or sticky. But first, lets learn about electrostatic precipitators, what they are, and how they work. A high intensity electric field is applied between a high tip curvature corona electrode wire and a low tip curvature collector electrode cylinder provides condition for ionization of gas molecules in the nearest vicinity of.
An electrostatic precipitator esp is a filtration device that removes fine particles, like dust and smoke, from a flowing gas using the force of an induced electrostatic charge minimally impeding the flow of gases through the unit. The studies of the problems that arise during the working of an electrostatic precipitator are also the part of this thesis report. Background a wet electrostatic precipitator wesp typically is used to control pm emissions in. Electrostatic precipitator electrostatic air cleaner alphair. Simulation of corona discharge in dc electrostatic. Mitsubishi hitachi power systems mhps contributes to air pollution control at thermal power plants, steel plants, and various industrial plants. The outline and subjects of this previous study are shown as follows. Sep 22, 2016 this is the principle of electrostatic precipitation, and electrostatic precipitator apply this principle on an industrial scale. High voltage, direct current electrodes are used to establish a strong electric field. When a chimney releases these flue gases in the atmosphere without filtering these dust particles, the atmosphere may get polluted. Electrostatic precipitator working principles at its most basic, an electrostatic precipitator is an air purification tool that uses electrostatic force to grab and hold dust and other particles. The spacing between the plates is typically in the range of 2040 cm. The operation of electrostatic precipitators is fairly simple.
The principle of electrostatic precipitator that use corona discharge phenomenon can be described as following. An electrostatic precipitator esp is installed at the outlet of the boiler. The particles are given an electrical charge by forcing them to pass through a corona, a region in which gaseous ions flow. Walzel faculty of bio and chemical engineering, technical university of dortmund, germany abstractelectrical resistivity of the dust, to be separated in an electrostatic precipitator, is an important parameter from the design and operation point of view. When any fuel is used in the boiler say coal or wood chip or rice husk etc ash is generated. Objectives at the end of this lesson, you will be able to do the following. Design and implementation of an electrostatic precipitator. When an electrostatic precipitator runs, we may experience a number of problems causing the performance to be much lower than expected.
Plates are periodically rapped vibrated to make the collected particles fall. Dust resistivity measurement and onset of back corona in. Airtech is a trademark held by our company on our highquality electrostatic precipitator to remove exhaust fume from hvac air systems, commercial kitchen, workshops etc. The electrically charged dusts are attracted towards the collecting electrodes by an electrostatic force. Vi characteristic principle of electrostatic precipitator. As a result, particles of high electrical resistivity drift more slowly and are harder to collect. A simple wireplate electrostatic precipitator esp was constructed in order to test the efficiency of collecting smoke particles from combustion of rubber wood that is used as a source of. Basically, the steam generated in the boiler of a power plant utilizes hot. The particle separation process in the electrostatic precipitator is based on the principle of electrostatic separation. Dry esp electrostatic precipitator dry esp principle of operation. A 2 foot plastic tube in which fluorescent lights are stored can be used to simulate an electrostatic precipitator. It consists of electrodes through which the ionized particles are made to flow through and a hopper through which the collected particles are extracted out.
Construction, working, operation and maintenance of. A new design is proposed for charging sections by using properties of materials used for thermocouples. The principle of the electrostatic precipitator is a well proven technology. The electrostatic precipitator uses electrical forces to capture either liquid or solid particulate matter from a flue gas system. Removing the particulate from the collecting surfaces and discharge electrodes and transfer from the system. Classical designs for electrostatic precipitators in industries use high voltage current. Electrostatic precipitators esp collect dust in the flue gas produced by boiler, etc. Construction of electrostatic precipitator above figure shows construction of a typical dry electrostatic precipitator. Electrostatic precipitator working principle, types.
The unclean flue gas flowing through the tube is supplied by two electrodes. For this reason, an equivalent electrical circuit of the electrostatic field is given, and the currentvoltage characteristics are compared to those observed on an industrial site. Electrostatic smoke precipitators work by forcing dirty flue gas the gas escaping from a smokestack past two electrodes electrical terminals, which take the form of metal wires, bars, or plates inside a pipe or smokestack. Principle of operation of electrostatic precipitator. The dirty flue gas escaping through the smokestack is passed through two electrodes. An electrostatic precipitator is a filtration device that removes fine particles, like dust and smoke, from a flowing gas using the force of an induced electrostatic charge minimally impeding the flow of gases through the unit. We install this device in the way of flue gases from the furnace to the chimney so that the device can filter the flue gases before they enter the chimney. Esp principle and design free download as powerpoint presentation.
This is the principle of electrostatic precipitation, and electrostatic precipitator apply this principle on an industrial scale. The electric charge on the electrode creates a corona field which imparts a negative charge to the particulate. The electrostatic precipitator working principle is very simple. Electro static precipitator esp in thermal power plant. In principle, the migration velocity is a very important empirical value for sizing, and with its help the efficiency of the dust removal can be calculated. Monitoring for an esp with many fields becomes more complicated because emissions are highly dependent on how each field is performing. The shape of the two electrodes mainly depends on the type of precipitator employed like bars, plates, metal wires, etc.
Mar 11, 2017 the principle of electrostatic charge encompasses the force between two charges that are static or moving slowly in a medium. Electrostatic precipitator construction, working, and its. Alphair is a trademark held by our company on our highquality electrostatic precipitator to remove exhaust fume and odor from hvac air systems, commercial kitchens, workshops, etc. This is the most efficient way to solve the pollution problem as a result of wood combustion 3, 4. The working principle of the electrostatic precipitator is quite simple. Esp operation electrostatic precipitators use electrostatic charges to separate particles from a dirty gas stream. Electrostatic precipitator pollutioncontrol device. Jul 25, 2018 electrostatic precipitator does this work for afurnace system. Electrostatic precipitators esp air quality control. Supplying high voltage between the collecting electrode and discharge electrode generates a corona discharge that produces minus ions. The flue gases produced due to combustion of solid pulverized fuel in the furnace contain plenty of dust particles. A gas stream with particulate material to be removed is introduced between the plates. An electrostatic precipitator esp is a device that removes dust particles from a flowing gas such as air using force of an induced electrostatic attraction i. An electrostatic precipitator esp is a device that is used to remove and collect the particles from a flue gas by using the force of an induced electrostatic charge from a high voltage power supply unit.
We are one of the wellknown companies of electrostatic precipitator e. In our previous study, published as the reference 1, the two stage electrostatic precipitator esp, hereafter was used, composed of a front stage charger and a rear stage collector. Electrostatic precipitatorelectrostatic precipitator bio mass power plantbio mass power plant. Principle of operation electrostatic attraction efficiencyof99%inmanyindustries donnerstag, 12. Electrostatic precipitator using weak corona discharge. They are one of the best filtration devices and can remove fine particulate matter such as dust and smoke from the air stream. Electrostatic precipitator components electrostatic precipitator working. Esp is a physical process by which particles suspended in gas stream are charged electrically,and under the influence of electric field. Wet electrostatic precipitator wesp particulate control systems designs can either up flow or down flow relative to where polluted air enters the wesp during the particulates control process. Basically, the steam generated in the boiler of a power plant utilizes hot flue gases for the production of electricity. Electrostatic precipitator esp is the most widely used device for particulate emission control.
Sep 16, 2015 principle of operation of electrostatic precipitator. Electrostatic precipitator the perfect design makes the difference forwardthinking technology for flue gas dedusting. It is used treat gas streams with submicron particulate, aerosol, or fumes. An electrostatic precipitator system may include several sections energized from separate highvoltage supplies. Both the tubular and polystage electrostatic precipitators operate on the same principle.
Electrostatic precipitation is an extremely efficient way of filtering fine particles from a flowing gas. Electrostatic precipitator uses an electrostatic field to remove pollution causing particles from a flowing gas such as air. The electrostatic precipitation process occurs within an enclosed cham ber. Modeling and simulation of an electrostatic precipitator. Electrostatic precipitator an overview sciencedirect. Pdf new design for charging section of electrostatic. In the electrostatic precipitator the particles are removed from the gas stream by utilizing electrical force. As per government low the to avoid air pollution these kind of precipitators are widely used. Beltran technologies wet electrostatic precipitator system has been developed for applications for which the standard dry plate type precipitators are not suitable. A gas stream containing suspended particulates is allowed to pass between two electrodes electrically insulated from each.
Designing electrostatic precipitators for flue gas cleaning after combustion processes requires a great deal of process expertise, as a huge number of. Tubular esps have been used to control particulate emissions from sulfuricacidplants,cokeovenbyproductgas cleaning tar removal, and iron and steel sinterplants donnerstag, 12. The precipitator functions by applying energy only to the particulate matter being collected, without significantly impeding the flow of gases. Electrostatic pr eci pitator elex we work for better air. This design uses materials which are being used for. Once charged, particles are subject to a transverse electrostatic force that pulls them toward the collecting plates. Sep 25, 2019 how an electrostatic smoke precipitator works. The electrostatic precipitator works on the principle of a static electric charge attracting particles where they are removed. The plastic tube can be charged by running a coat hanger with a plastic grocery bag attached to it. High collecting e ciencies approximately 99% and low energy expenditures are the main bene ts of esps 4. Scribd is the worlds largest social reading and publishing site.
These basic principles of the electrostatic precipitation process are illus trated in figure 21. Modelling and simulation of electrostatic precipitators. The electric charge on the electrode creates a corona field. Turing canes and perforated plate evenly distribute the gas glow inside of the wet electrostatic precipitator. Collecting the particulate under the influence of the electric field. A charged particle in the electrical field experiences a force proportional to the size of the charge and to the strength. Electrical field generationelectrical field generation collection electrodecollection electrode. Electrostatic precipitator,esp,working principle of esp in hindi,esp in power plant duration. Particles suspended in a gas enter the precipitator and pass through ionized zones around the high voltage discharge electrodes. We are one of the bestknown early manufacturers of electrostatic air cleaner electrostatic precipitator in china since 1995. The basic principle of an electrostatic precipitator esp is to give particles an electrostatic charge and then put them in an electrostatic field that drives them to a collecting wall. It consists primarily of wires and collection plates, with a high voltage applied from an electrostatic field between the wires and the collecting. When a chimney releases these flue gases in the atmosphere without filtering. What we perceive as a fume, smoke or mist actually are tiny airborne particles, the bulk of it smaller than one micron in size.
This precipitator is used to collect pollutants like ash or cement in a dry state. An electrostatic precipitator consists of electrically grounded plates with negativelycharged electrode suspended between them. Wet electrostatic precipitator poly stage and tubular. Electrostatic precipitator esp activated carbon adsorption, bed and injection the function of air pollution control devices generally and for the mact eee rule specifically is to control or remove hazardous air pollutants hap from the off gas stream before being released to the atmosphere. Operation and maintenance manual for electrostatic. Electrostatic precipitators dedusting flue gases scheuch. This equation is used to determine the collection efficiency of the precipitator under ideal conditions. Working of electrostatic precipitator an esp works because of electrostatic attraction like charges repel. The width of the collection plates in a large electrostatic precipitator can be several meters and the height up to 15 m. Lesson 2 electrostatic precipitator components goal to familiarize you with the components of an esp. Features and principles dust collectors electrostatic.
We tend to classify the precipitator as a highefficiency collector, comparable to the fabric baghouse or highpressure venturi scrubber. This creates an electrical shield on the plates that lowers the ambient electric field. Electro static precipitator is also called in the short form of esp. Electrodes at high voltage create a corona effect ionized atmosphere surrounding them. The particles collected on the collecting plates are removed by methods such as 1 dislodging by rapping the collecting plates, 2 scraping off with a brush, or 3 washing off with water, and removing from a hopper. Electrostatic precipitatorelectrostatic precipitator.
Working principle of electrostatic precipitator electrical4u. What is an electrostatic precipitator esp an esp is a device for the cleaning of dust particles from the harmful flue gases that are exposed out from the boiler of a steam power plant. Aug 04, 2015 presented by the air pollution control division of thermax limited. Electrostatic precipitator, a device that uses an electric charge to remove certain impuritieseither solid particles or liquid dropletsfrom air or other gases in smokestacks and other flues. What is an electrostatic precipitator and how does it. Electrostatic precipitator, also called electrostatic air cleaner, a device that uses an electric charge to remove certain impuritieseither solid particles or liquid dropletsfrom air or other gases in smokestacks and other flues. An esp uses a high voltage electrostatic field to separate dust, fume or mist from a gas. In contrast to wet scrubbers, which apply energy directly to the flowing fluid medium, an esp applies energy only to the particulate matter being collected and therefore is very efficient in its consumption of energy. What is the main principle of an electrostatic precipitator. Information on construction and working of electrostatic precipitators esps is given in this chapter. Vi characteristic principle of electrostatic precipitator 371 discharging electrodes, which are placed in the middle of two discharge electrodes, center distance between auxiliary electrodes is 35 mm.
Emisi debu gas buang ke udara dari suatu aktivitas industri besi, baja, pulp dan kertas, semen, pupuk dan pembangkit listrik menggunakan bahan bakar fosil seperti batubara merupakan sumber utama polusi udara. Electrons are emitted by a negatively charged ionising electrode and accelerated toward a positively charged collecting electrode. The electrodes, through a corona effect, emit negatively charged ions into the gas which travel to the grounded collecting plates. Electrostatic precipitators esps can handle large volumes of air without significantly slowing down the rate of flow, because of the low pressure drop across the electrostatic filter. An electrostatic precipitator esp is a particle control device that uses electrical forces to move the particles out of the flowing gas stream and onto collector plates. Electrostatic precipitator an overview sciencedirect topics. Jul 25, 2018 electrostatic precipitator does exactly that. Detail information on various components is given in the chapter on electrostatic precipitator components. What is an electrostatic precipitator and how does it purify.
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